Type 1 water, also known as ultrapure water, is the highest purity grade of water as defined by standards like ASTM D1193.
Key Characteristics of Type 1 Water:
Resistivity: ≥18.2 MΩ·cm at 25°C (indicating minimal ionic content)
Total Organic Carbon (TOC): Typically <10 ppb
Bacteria: <10 CFU/mL (colony-forming units per milliliter)
Particulates: Virtually free of particles, often filtered to 0.2 µm or smaller
Endotoxins: <0.03 EU/mL (important for biological applications)
Production:
Type 1 water is typically produced by processing water through multiple purification steps, including:
Reverse osmosis
Deionization
Ultra Violet
It is often prepared on-demand or stored briefly to maintain purity, as exposure to air can introduce contaminants like CO₂, reducing resistivity.
Uses:
Type 1 water is the purest grade of laboratory water, defined by its extremely low levels of impurities. It is used in the most sensitive scientific applications where the presence of even tiny contaminants could compromise results.
