Type 1 water, also known as ultrapure water, is the highest grade of laboratory water quality defined by standards such as ASTM D1193. It is produced through advanced purification methods that combine reverse osmosis, deionization, and ultraviolet treatment, often followed by fine filtration (0.2 µm or smaller).

✅ Key Characteristics:

• Resistivity: ≥18.2 MΩ·cm at 25 °C (extremely low ionic content)

• Total Organic Carbon (TOC): <10 ppb

• Bacteria: <10 CFU/mL

• Particulates: Virtually particle-free

• Endotoxins: <0.03 EU/mL

Because it is so pure, Type 1 water must be prepared on-demand or stored only briefly, as exposure to air quickly reduces its resistivity due to dissolved CO₂ and other contaminants.

✅ Applications:

• High-precision analytical techniques (HPLC, GC-MS, LC-MS, ICP-MS)

• Molecular biology & cell culture (PCR, DNA/RNA analysis, protein studies)

• Pharmaceutical research and quality control

• Clinical diagnostics

• Preparation of standards, reagents, and buffers for sensitive experiments

Type 1 ultrapure water ensures reliability and accuracy in the most demanding laboratory and scientific applications, where even trace levels of contamination could compromise results.